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The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Groups

Postby Rick Masters » Sat Aug 20, 2011 6:35 am

The rampant commercialization of paragliding equipment lies at the heart of the erosion of hang gliding over the past two decades. When the hang gliding manufacturers discovered that a greater sales opportunity existed in manufacturing paragliders because of their simplicity and short training cycles, the great strides in safety accomplished in hang gliding were thrown out the window in order for manufacturers and flight schools to profit from "aircraft" that could not survive negative loading. The compromises in safety were rationalized away and a lemming-like mania ensued among new pilots who were never taught the vital importance of an airframe.

The United States Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association is not the only group to suffer complete ethical destruction by these compromises. Complaints are also surfacing from Europe. Walter Kepplinger, Publisher of Austria's Free-Flyer Magazine (Freiflieger-Magazin) expreses his outrage on his website http://www.fetzenundstanglfliegerforum.at/?p=6

"In August 2006 the DHV Subforum for safety has not only been made ​​unreadable for non-registered readers but has also been hidden. Discussions on safety and accidents that previously provided readers the opportunity to read and discuss are now hidden. What's behind it? The [German] DHV has reached a size and structure that is guided solely by profit. It is dominated by people who earn their livelihood in part or entirely with aviation: DHV directors, employees, flight instructors, examiners, writers, forum censors, site assessors, accident experts and filmmakers. This network needs money all the time, so they tell the prospective pilots only how safe our beautiful sport is supposed to be. But too many accident reports can disturb the flow of income from novices. If the "bird is caught and then infected with the virus of flight", the negative aspects of "safety" are best ignored. Safety now suddenly becomes an argument for costly training and tests, labels, more safety training, supervised flight training, and check flights, which have been mainly used to rip off pilots. Because the DHV is a corporation, it embodies a clever and positive marketing force. But it then raises the question whether the DHV is really a nonprofit deserving of tax breaks. The same policy is also pursued by the ÖAeC [Austrian national authority] and the Austrian flight schools. It seems that under no circumstances should the public actually given discussions on the actual hazards of flying. The potential new entrants are regarded primarily as consumers. The slogan used by many flight schools and manufacturers -- "Safety is our top priority" -- must not be questioned. The supreme objective of this marketing strategy is to attract as many beginners into flight school as possible by overstating how easy it is to learn to fly a paraglider. Then the students are suddenly informed of the danger of flying, which is vividly depicted, and apparently stemming from the need for safety, all are sold additional safety training programs."

The failure of this marketing policy, which Kepplinger describes as "duplicity," is evident in the stunning death and accident rate of paragliders in Austria, which are collected on Mythology of the Airframe http://www.cometclones.com/mythology2011.htm

Kepplinger's sentiments are strongly echoed by safety commissioner Luigi Borsoi, Italy's advisor to the Italian Federation of Free Flight (FIVL): "What worries us is that we are aware that the model currently proposed by a sizeable slice of the [paragliding] industry to the pilots and students in schools is indeed unwise - and upstream, the root cause of much damage. The conduct of these businesses is apparently so simple that all too often this activity is sold as a form of flight available to everyone and once taught, with courses that approximate the basic techniques of takeoff and landing, sells flying equipment to these students. The notions of theory are taught superficially, without depth and too fast, for the sole purpose of responding to the quiz on memory examination."

After milking as much cash as possible out of new pilots from sales of equipment and flight instruction, the epitome of safety training in paragliders is, of course, teaching a pilot how to attempt to recover from a high-altitude collapse. These "SIV" programs are heavily endorsed by the schools and seem to imply that the collapse of a paraglider's sail in turbulence is in fact manageable and therefore is no big deal. But there is no training for low-altitude collapse. There is, regrettably, no recourse at all.

In April of 2009, the British Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association announced: "Unfortunately there is no evidence (other than anecdotal) that learning and practicing recovery skills on ‘pilotage’ or ‘SIV’ courses actually results in safer pilots who therefore have fewer accidents. In fact there is some evidence from previous fatal accident investigations that pilots who have learnt these ‘recovery’ skills have tended, in real-life incidents, to concentrate on attempting to regain control of the wing rather than on saving their life by deploying their emergency parachute."

So my question to Bob and the other members of the US Hawks is "Where do you stand?" It is clear to me that the endorsement of paragliding is killing the national organizations, killing hang gliding and killing potential hang gliding pilots in droves. How can the US Hawks structure itself to prevent its being corrupted in the same way as virtually every other national organization?
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby Bob Kuczewski » Sat Aug 20, 2011 7:24 pm

RickMasters wrote:So my question to Bob and the other members of the US Hawks is "Where do you stand?" It is clear to me that the endorsement of paragliding is killing the national organizations, killing hang gliding and killing potential hang gliding pilots in droves. How can the US Hawks structure itself to prevent its being corrupted in the same way as virtually every other national organization?

Hi Rick,

The US Hawks is a hang gliding organization with a goal to promote safe participation in the sport of hang gliding. We don't generally discourage roller blading or shark wrestling or cave diving. We try to promote hang gliding.

As you probably know, I fly both hang gliders and paragliders. In fact, I've often said that if the sport of paragliding were in danger of being lost or mistreated, I might have started the Torrey Hawks Paragliding Club or the US Hawks Paragliding Association.

But right now, I see that the sport of hang gliding is slowly slipping into the history books if we don't do something to save it. We can no longer count on USHPA to do that because they are quickly becoming a paragliding organization. Look at their President (Rich Hass), Executive Director (Martin Palmaz), and Magazine Editor (Nick Greece). They're almost all PG pilots now. Their membership curves show the same trend.

You asked how we can structure ourselves to prevent being corrupted. The answer is easy - we stick to our basic goal of promoting hang gliding. One of the big advantages that we have over USHPA is that we don't have to make any money. We don't have an Executive Director or an office staff to support. We don't have expensive Board meetings to pay for. So we're not forced to change our direction or dedication to remain profitable as USHPA does. Everyone in the US Hawks works for the love of hang gliding.

At some point (if not already) the people in USHPA will see paragliding as the future. I believe that's what Paul Montville saw when he went to Torrey. He saw a booming paragliding business and a fledgling little hang gliding club. He threw his support behind the PG business and threw the Torrey Hawks under the bus. Remember that Paul Montville didn't fly anything (other than commercial jets at our expense). So he didn't have a built-in preference for one wing over another. He just looked at the growth curves. Now here's the question. Do you think the new PG management - with the same money motives plus a wing preference - will do any better for hang gliding?

I suppose that was a rhetorical question since we both know the answer.    ;)

Thanks for posting and especially thanks for linking to the US Hawks!    :thumbup:
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby SamKellner » Sat Aug 20, 2011 9:50 pm

:clap: Now this has been worth reading :thumbup:

:wave:
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Chapter #4
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby TadEareckson » Tue Aug 23, 2011 7:37 am

SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
Department of Journalism
SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92115

1974/05/31

Mr. Richard O. Simpson, Chairman
Consumer Product Safety Commission
7315 Wisconsin Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20016

Re: Hang Gliders

Dear Mr. Simpson:

This letter is being written to ask your commission to conduct a thorough investigation into the hazards associated with hang gliding (also called sky sailing).

Southern California has been described as the "center" of hang gliding activity in the nation and many concerned parents (and participants) are having second thoughts about just how safe these hang gliders are.

This letter, furthermore, might be considered a kind of "public atonement" as I am the former President of Free-Flight of San Diego, the largest sky sailing school in the world. We trained more than 100 students a week in sky sailing. One of the principal reasons I sold my interest in Free-Flight of San Diego, frankly, was my mounting alarm over the increasing incidence of fatal and near-fatal accidents in hang gliding.

Given the relatively small number who are CONTINUALLY active in hang gliding (i.e. not merely signed up in some club) the accident rate seems disproportionately high. Four persons have been killed THIS YEAR in the State of California. Here in San Diego, the death a week ago Sunday (5-20-74) of Bruce Slingersand, 27, a "very experienced pilot", has added a dismal exclamation mark to the sport's deplorable safety record.

A recent news account stated that "Scripps Memorial Hospital (here) has handled at least six serious hang glider accidents within the past year, involving broken legs, spines, and skulls." John Adcock, a 28-year-old San Diego State University student who rates himself "a very good hang glider pilot" spent 85 days in the hospital with a broken back and leg as the result of a hang glider accident. When I spoke with him this morning he described the sport as "dangerous as hell".

Dale Cooper, 30, suffered head injuries in a hang glider crash at Torrey Pines (a popular cliff-site location) this year. Robert Edgett suffered a broken leg when his hang glider was smashed against the Torrey Pines cliff. Just last month Gordon Cummings, a 32-year-old hang glider pilot from Encinitas, suffered a broken arm, shock, and head injuries, when he crashed into a 60-ft. pine tree. He had to be cut down from the tree and was later admitted to the hospital in serious condition. Even the Sea World air devil, Jim Rusin, admits to breaking his neck twice and all the ribs in his body at least once.

My own sky sailing school, conducted as safely as we possibly could conduct it, was not free of injuries. We limited individual classes to 30 students and, as I recall, had a broken wrist the first class. A broken ankle the second class. A broken wrist the third class. And so it went, class after class. All this, despite the fact that we required students to wear full-length clothing, as well as elbowpads, gloves, knee pads, and a helmet, all of which we provided. And the fact that the first flying lesson was conducted from an elevation on a gentle sloping hill of no more than 30 ft.

Furthermore, I suspect that hang glider manufacturers and clubs are simply paying lip service to safety. I shall never forget one instance of this which I personally observed. Quite possibly the largest hang gliding meet ever held, from the standpoint of number of manufacturers and participants, was the Francis M. Rogallo First Annual Meet held in Escape Country (in Orange County, Calif.) in January of this year. For openers, can you imagine holding a hang gliding meet (of all things!) in a pea-soup, London fog ! I couldn't believe it ! We could HEAR the kites descending before we could see them ! Kites were landing in the spectator area, on top of parked kites in the manufacturers' area, and in the parking lot where cars were maneuvering for parking places. Incredible ! When I protested holding a meet under such conditions with letters to all parties and to all three hang glider publications with which I was familiar I was told it "looked more dangerous than it really was" and that no "official" flying was being done an that time. That MAY be TECHNICALLY true. But (1) flying was being conducted, with each flight announced over the public address system by the meet announcer; (2) pilots were attempting target landings with envelopes (cash enclosed ?) placed by meet officials at the center of the landing target; (3) much of the flying under such conditions was being performed by "factory pilots" (i.e. representatives of various hang glider manufacturers, most of whom were in attendance at this bizarre event).

To add confusion to the safety claims and counter-claims of hang glider enthusiasts for their craft -- and to silence we critics -- is the fact that many expert pilots become involved in the commercial aspects and promote it (as I used to) despite its so obviously tawdry safety record. Manufacturers have also become involved in many club activities, again self-servingly promoting a sport that may not be nearly as safe as it might look !

In a nutshell: Is the "aircraft" itself a safe flying vehicle ? Is its glide ratio too steep, meaning that light, freak breezes or down-drafts will send the craft crashing ? Is the control mechanism sophisticated enough ? After all it's simply weight-shifting which controls it from side to side -- the same general principle which steers a surfboard. The difference, of course, is a surfboard misstep means a dunking in four feet of water. The injuries listed above suggests what can happen when one makes the same mistakes with a hang glider. Should manufacturers sell kites in "kit" form ? Or worse, sell plans, and hope the buyer can scrounge around for all the parts. And shouldn't hang glider instructors be certified ? Manufacturers, as some materials become difficult to obtain, are themselves substituting parts and materials. What certification is there that even these factory constructed "aircraft" are suitable to fly ?

My own investigation into this entire matter suggests that the "Rogallo Wing" may be too unstable and is unsuitable for safe, personal flight from any elevation. One aerophysicist of my acquaintance, calls them "death traps".

The injuries and deaths resulting from their use would seem to reinforce that assessment.

Sincerely,
Dr. Jack Haberstroh
4458 Mataro Drive
San Diego, Calif. 92115
(714} 583-2845

Associate Professor of Advertising
SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
San Diego, Calif. 92115

CC:
Jerry Magee, San Diego Union
Neil Morgan, The Evening Tribune
Gene Gleeson, KFMB-TV
Larry Boyer, KGTV
Richard Hart, KSDO Radio
Wade Douglas, KSDO Radio

Pete Wilson, Mayor of the City of San Diego
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby Rick Masters » Tue Aug 23, 2011 8:19 am

I've seen estimates of between 40 to 70 pilot deaths for the year 1974. The public outcry represented by this letter, combined with the losses of so many friends among the hang gliding community, drove the designers to quickly solve the full-luff dive and negative pitch issues with lock-up tips, positive reflex battens and luff-lines. At the end of the seventies, the vast majority of deaths and injuries on new hang gliders were the result of pilot error -- aside, of course, from towing. In my opinion, hang gliding was a stunt in the early days and did not become a true sport until the designs matured enough to demonstrate that deaths and injuries were due primarily to pilot error.
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby TadEareckson » Tue Aug 23, 2011 10:48 am

Rick,

I agree with damn near everything you and Walter are saying on the issues of para versus hang gliders. But damn near everything you're saying about paragliding safety, design, training, culture, regulation also applies to hang gliding - although, granted, for the most part to lesser degrees.

Those 1974 hang gliders were death traps - even compared to modern era paragliders. And most of the issues with which Jack Haberstroh was concerned WERE very well addressed by HGMA certification - the best goddam thing that ever happened to this stupid sport - despite significant opposition at the time (Donnell Hewett comes to mind).

However...

A hang glider is only in certified configuration when the person flying it is PRONE and has BOTH hands in proper position on the basetube.

And what are the two most dangerous phases of flight?

And in slope launched flying what do we have the pilots doing with their bodies and where do we have them putting their hands when they're launching and landing?

And when are we telling people it's mandatory to exceed by twenty-five degrees the positive pitch placard limitation?

And what are we seeing in the way of consequences?

At the end of the seventies, the vast majority of deaths and injuries on new hang gliders were the result of pilot error -- aside, of course, from towing.

Talking about towing in the late Seventies is no more fair than talking about the hang gliders themselves in the early Seventies. They were still being towed entirely from the frame, the "pilot" was pretty much along for the ride, and they were roll unstable as hell.

By the mid Eighties through the early Nineties the people with the brains had towing figured out well enough - connecting half to full tension through the pilot, rolling takeoffs, both-hands-on-the-basetube releases, heavy weak links - that the ONLY crashes we were seeing were stupid shitt uncertified equipment, procedures, conditions, personnel precipitated - just like in slope launched flight.

Granted, you also decertify a glider when you put a string on it - minimally in platform and maximally in one point aero. But nobody has to fly one point aero and for platform and two point aero the risks are entirely manageable. And there's just no sane argument that mountain launches have anywhere near the satisfactory outcomes when you're comparing things on the basis of numbers of launches - even after you throw in foot launched static towing to make things interesting.

That's not saying that slope launching can't be conducted safely - just that the pilot generally has a lot more options for screwing pooches.

The United States Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association is not the only group to suffer complete ethical destruction by these compromises.

USHGA had no ethics left to destroy by the time paragliding arrived on the scene to any significant degree.

The notions of theory are taught superficially, without depth and too fast, for the sole purpose of responding to the quiz on memory examination.

And this isn't the case in hang gliding? How many frame flyers do you know who understand the difference between pitch attitude and angle of attack?

These "SIV" programs are heavily endorsed by the schools and seem to imply that the collapse of a paraglider's sail in turbulence is in fact manageable and therefore is no big deal. But there is no training for low-altitude collapse. There is, regrettably, no recourse at all.

Doug Hildreth - 1990/03

We all know that our new gliders are more difficult to land. We have been willing to accept this with the rationalization that it is the unavoidable consequence of higher performance. But I see my job as a responsibility to challenge acceptance and rationalization. From my perspective, what I see in the landing zone and what I see in the statistics column is not acceptable. Crashes on landing are causing too many bent downtubes, too many minor injuries and too many serious or fatally injured pilots.

So what are we going to do? One reply is, "We should teach all those bozos how to land properly." Well, we've been trying that approach for the past few years and it has NOT worked!

Jim Rooney - 2011/06/12

Most common HG injury... spiral fracture of the humerus.

Wallaby Ranch - 2011/08/23

If you fail to maintain the correct tow position (centered, with the wheels of the tug on the horizon), the weak link will break before you can get into too much trouble.

How can the US Hawks structure itself to prevent its being corrupted in the same way as virtually every other national organization?

By pressuring members to stay engaged in discussions, answer questions, and not ignore inconvenient truths.

Bob,

The US Hawks is a hang gliding organization with a goal to promote safe participation in the sport of hang gliding.

SAFE participation? Really?

You asked how we can structure ourselves to prevent being corrupted. The answer is easy - we stick to our basic goal of promoting hang gliding.

Oops. No adjective this time.

Everyone in the US Hawks works for the love of hang gliding.

1. And, speaking for myself, not necessarily the people in it.

2. As it is? Or as it SHOULD be?

P.S. That's the last time I'm gonna just sit there after I figure out that it's an earthquake on the assumption that, "Hey, this is Maryland! Just how bad do you think it can get?"

I was running to grab the bird and get the hell outside just before it quit. Think I got away with just a few things knocked over.
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby Rick Masters » Tue Aug 23, 2011 12:28 pm

But damn near everything you're saying about paragliding safety, design... also applies to hang gliding - although, granted, for the most part to lesser degrees.


Damn near everything except for the elephant in the room.
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby TadEareckson » Tue Aug 23, 2011 12:46 pm

It wasn't an elephant in the room. It was a 5.9 magnitude earthquake epicentered 99 miles to the southwest. And I only ignored it until it started getting serious.

(What elephant?)
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby Rick Masters » Tue Aug 23, 2011 1:27 pm

I was referring to the collapse problem in paragliding and the directly related issues of subsequent uncontrolability, negative spiral dives and the Paraglider Dead Man's Curve. These cannot cannot be resolved. If they could have been resolved, they would have been resolved many years ago. It only took hang gliding 7 years or so to get it right. Paragliding is looking at 30 years with essentially no progress at all. It amazes me how desperate they are to refuse to recognize this.
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Re: The Contagion Spreads - Global Corruption in HG/PG Group

Postby TadEareckson » Tue Aug 23, 2011 8:36 pm

It only took hang gliding 7 years or so to get it right.

You sure we got it right?

We still tumble.

And if we go negative enough we smack into the keel and break it and start behaving like deflated paragliders.

OK, rare events usually in brutal conditions and almost always high enough for a pretty good shot at a parachute. And we can't fix those problems any more than they can fix theirs.

So their strategy is to tell everybody their problem is no BFD and throw everybody into the air as quickly as possible.

Comparing/contrasting...

Hang gliding has some dangerous and deadly problems that the minority of its participants with a reasonable measure of ten year old kid common sense knew how to fix (and, on the small scale, did) thirty years ago.

1. If, two seconds prior to a foot launch, you assume you're NOT hooked in and verify you're a lot less likely to die than somebody who always does a hang check at the back of the ramp.

2. Ninety-nine percent of the landings we do are a lot less likely to maim and kill us if we stay on the basetube and roll in on wheels.

3. If you're landing in environment in which your safety is dependent upon whipstalling the glider to a dead stop within a wingspan of a particular point you shouldn't be.

4. The last third of a low level lockout is a really bad time to be taking a hand off the basetube to grope around for a release.

5. Installing in your tow system a piece of fishing line which disintegrates at random every third or fourth flight does not lead to increased safety.

It amazes me how desperate they are to refuse to recognize this.

Even though our problems may be less frequent and deadly on a per flyer basis I'd argue that it's every bit as despicable to recognize and refuse to fix problems we can and force people to engage in dangerous practices in order to get ratings.

I'd like to see this organization be a lot more concerned about getting things right and, until it does, in a lot less of a hurry to get people up.
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