[JoeF]

This note addresses a scheme for the sweep-keeping cross tube or spreader tube of some TPHG designs (tiny-packed hang glider designs).

Left Spreader-Tube Subassembly:
Consists of three tubes: A, B, and A.
The A tubes are each 5 ft in length with an inside diameter of 1.5 inches.
The B tube is 2.5 ft in length, and there are two of these B tubes.
The two shorter B tubes telescope into the larger A tube.

Right Spreader-Tube Subassembly is similar to the Left Spreader-Tube Subassembly. When left and right are coupled over the keel, then one has the Spreader-Tube Assembly.

Joining the left and right spreader-tube subassemblies over the keel:
The left and right spreader-tube subassemblies are joined together over the keel of the hang glider.
This joining is achieved using a reinforced rubber tube coupler.
The coupler is secured in position using pip pins.

Inside the reinforced rubber tube coupler, there is a ball.
During flight, positive loads cause the left and right spreader tubes to compress this ball.

The joint will be lashed to the keel to form a firm node to resist buckling in the macro spreader-tube assembly. Then the left subassembly structure provides its center tube for resisting buckling; same for the right subassembly. The two As fit inside a B tube. At tiny packing there are two seen As holding the four Bs. Inside the Bs might be a queen post.

SpreaderAssembly001.jpg (7.05 KiB) Viewed 543 times

To set the As to the B, a Joe Strap and ring collar could be used; keep wobble to minimum.
The lengths and diameters may change to fit a particular build.

Rough mockup of the rubber over two A tubes just over the keel before lashing the join to the keel. This quick mockup does not show hidden ball and does not show two pip pins. The rough mockup photo also erroneously does not have the Bs close as they should be kissing a ball.

spreadermock.jpg (24.1 KiB) Viewed 542 times

====================
Packing note: One option being explored: Inside the packed B tube will be two A tubes; each A tube about half the length of the B tube. Inside the lined-up A tubes may be 5-ft queen post. Thus upon packing seeing two B tubes would be equivalent to seeing the 2B, 4A, and 2Queens. In pack, then, have 3 longs for the 2 LEs and keel, and the 2 longs just described: total 5 longs (5 ft long). Deep inside those 5 visual longs could also be sections of batten-ribs for the Double Castle sail construction. A sixth long position would be available in the pack for more batten-rib sections and a kingpost; then in the 2"x12"x60" pack of longs there will be small spaces outside the longs for some batten-rib insertions. All such could perhaps be settled into a one carried pack, or a one-crutch pack, or a two-crutch pack; such said, be ready for secondary packs: thin back, robust chest, calf-chin, helmet, worn harness,... When off the bus or other vehicle, all gear can be transformed into a wagon for trekking.

Build notes: A second set of mandrels 6-ft long are ordered and on their way to home. Ten pieces of various diameters. When they arrive, I'll have two sets of the ten sizes, all 6-ft long. These tubes are intended to be mandrels for making carbon-fiber tubes for building various experimental tiny-packed HGs. The two queen posts in a mostly CF wing will remain aluminum for safety sake against splintering CF. Aiing: non-rigid base of triangle control frame in some builds. A large learning curve is occurring regarding DIY CF tube making; tooling up is a challenge; curing oven seems to be a big challenge.
Why two sets of mandrels? Plan is to cure at least two tubes per effort; often two tubes of same inside diameter per effort cycle would be nice. It is expected that my DIY CF tubes will not match the quality of tubes that might be purchased from established tube manufacturers.

[JoeF]

https://www.finsterwalder-charly.de/en/hanggliders-a-accessories/hangglider-features/snap-lock-system.html
"perunal" ? Appears to be equivalent to aluminum allow 7075 and perhaps at a temper of T6 or the like
Probably:
https://www.italferro.com/pdf/scheda-prodotto_12-eng_perunal-215.pdf

1973-1974
Thomas Finsterwalder developes a glider of his own design.

With specially developed high-strength super light-weight and large diameter perunal tubing, the "Bergfex" (mountain freak) weighed a mere 11 kg and could be dismantled in 8 minutes down to a length of 1,80 m without the use of tools, by means of snap fasteners.

22+ lbs, 6 ft

==============
"Avional" : ??? Aluminium alloy: 2024 at some temper??

======================
https://www.finsterwalder-charly.de/de/ ... htfex.html
19.5 kg, 43 lb, aluminum
=======================
https://www.finsterwalder-charly.de/de/ ... unfex.html

[JoeF]

This note is about one approach to HG sail of SS (very low % DS, chordwise-short LE pockets; this varies per design experiment). Thions note assumes the full sail will be packed on one pack of beams. On a bus, the pack would be chest hugged; at trek, the pack would transform into a wheeled wagon. The beam pack before sail wrap: 2"x12"x60".

Consider separated sail of one integral piece sewn up from segments (thus not Double Castle scheme) accordion folded (tolerate creases chordwise) with folds away from sewn overlaps and batten-rib pockets stowed wrapped on beam pack. For this scheme keep segment seams and pockets chordwise. This scheme uses far less time for assembly from toted pack than the Double Castle separated-sail-segments scheme.

How to mount the sail onto the tube scheme that has the LLE, keel, and RLE tubes nose joined with the webbing-plug scheme mentioned in a recent post?
1. Open sail from toted wrap.
2. Bring the two LE pockets and keel pocket together in close parallel proxity.
3. Remove the three-tube webbing-hinged subassembly from the toted pack.
4. Extend the telescoping parts of the LLE, RLE, and keel. Set the full lengths, but still keep the three long beams close to each other, no spreading. Inspect the integrity of the tubes.
5. Open the nose end of the three pockets: LLE, Keel, RLE.
6. Keeping hold of the nose end of the sail, feed the aft end of the three beams into their respective pockets.
The sail is then onto the three beams, but not yet finally seated with desired tautness.

Rough draft: Next for assembly:
Root kingpost and two queen posts. Line queen posts forwardly toward nose.
Arrange rigging lines as much as possible. Complete all upper line attaching; have kingpost erected and reflex bridle attached.
Spread sail partially, still flat on ground, top side up.
Assemble the macro spreader assembly of six tubes, reinforced rubber coupler and pip pins. Let the assembly stay in an open V for now. Inspect the tubes and coupler and Joe Straps with Collars.
Attach spreader assembly to the LLE and RLE. Do not yet lash center of spreader assembly to the keel. Only connect the limit-lines; avoid lashing yet.
Spread queen posts feet to tauten base cord.
Pull nose and lift wing onto the queens' feet. Tie down wing as needed respecting wind force and direction. Have anchoring plan.
Finish lower rigging.
Lash spreader assembly to LLE and RLE; lash center of spreader assembly to the keel.
Set sail tautness.
Mount "fish-and-set" bowing lines to the front tips of the batten ribs.
Insert batten-ribs in their respective pockets after assembling the longer-than-five-feet batten ribs.
Insert dive sticks (washout sticks; sprog) into LE tube; set them. The dive sticks would tend to be stabilized by having non-twisting LEs, so telescoping tubes of the LEs are to be non-rotating.
Insert traverse short battens to complement dive stick operation. The sail will have pockets for such battens.
Fish out the bowing lines; connect the aero curving bowing lines to the batten ribs at their aft anchor catch (details at another time:"fish-and-set").
Any stuffers in LE pockets? If so, place the stuffers.
Set nose fairing.
Attach hang loop; secure its position per logged notes.
Attach onto base cord any chosen skis, skids, wheels, rollers.
Do total pre-flight check of all assembly points. Check symmetry of the assembled wing.
Untie the wing; hook in; do some hop test flights avoiding long glides.
Have a knowledgeable buddy check the entire system including pilot, wind, environment, traffic, wildlife, wires, flight plan.
Hook-in and check final status of all matters.
Launch. Fly within the safe envelope of all parameters.

Record all UV exposure, use exposure, abnormal stress exposure ... in a wing's logbook. Address maintenance concerns in a timely manner.
==============================
Inventory: permanent mark each tube with alloy, dimensions: ID, OD, wall, in-house S/N. I will see inventory file for notes on each part.
==============================
WW Alpha 210
Xbar and its short sleeve for outboard end: 7075-T6. 52mm x 0.9mm 7075-T6. Sleeve: 50 mm OD, length: 9 inch.
Keel: 42mm x 0.9mm 7075-T6
LE tubes: 50mm x 0.9mm 7075-T6 (~2 inch OD by 0.035 in wall)
=============================~

[JoeF]

https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/46429079/falcon-3-owners-manual-5th-ed-may-08-wills-wing-inc/25
has details on short-packing Falcons (not tandem). Note: The short-packing is not the tiny packing of this topic thread, but maybe some lessons can be had by studying the manual.

[JoeF]

Of Joe Socks, Joe Straps, Joe Cups, .... maybe "Joe Stops" there is an archetype minimum which reminds of an archetype le minimum kite system of a string with a wing at each end anchoring the opposing wing via a tether; the two wings fly each other by the wonder of anchored tension. In text: A_______A
In drawing:

Kite system and Le Minimum Joe Stop: A____A

LeMinimumJoeStop.jpg (4.31 KiB) Viewed 513 times

Caution: The knots must be large enough to prevent wedging and creeping damage to the smaller tube; mitigations are possible. Test any use of Joe Stops for safety margins and failure modes.

I fed Chat GPT 3.5 some notes and its reply:

The Joe Stop is a device designed to prevent the shortening or compression of two telescoping tubes. Its purpose is to ensure that the two tubes cannot be compressed beyond a certain point within prescribed load limits. The Joe Stop operates as follows:

Place a knot inside the larger tube.
Insert the smaller tube into the larger tube where the first knot is located.
Push the smaller tube further into the larger tube, which pushes the first knot further into the interior of the larger tube.
Continue this process until the second knot reaches a point where it cannot be pulled into the interior of the gap between the two telescoping tubes.
This mechanism effectively prevents the two tubes from being further integrated or compressed, acting as a stopper or limiter for the telescoping tubes.

You also mentioned that Joe Stops can be made in various forms, including straps, loops, and collar rings, to perform the same function as the knots in the simple form. These alternative forms can also prevent the telescoping tubes from collapsing further by filling gaps or adding resistance to wobbling in practical applications where these tubes are in compression.

Some versions of Joe Stops feature double walling; inside the double wall may be placed shims to fill out the gap in integrating telescopic tubes to stop wobble.
Joe Stops release by simple pulling apart the two telescoping tubes.

A minimum kite system can be as simple as a segment of string where the flailing ends of the segment are seen as wings. Each wing is an anchor to the other; both wings have the tether operating to assist in the kiting. W______W or A________A or W_______A or A_______W or K________K
http://www.energykitesystems.net/akitei1.gif Go ahead, cut a 5 inch piece of string and drop it; watch it become a gliding kite system!

Joe Stops may be part of some tiny-packed hang gliders.

I see what you mean. The Joe Stop can be conceptualized as a simple kite system, where a short segment of string acts as the kite's wings, and each end of the string serves as an anchor for the kite. The tension in the tether between the wings helps maintain the kite's stability and lift.

Kite systems come in various forms, and they can be as basic as a short piece of string that can turn into a gliding kite system when dropped. This illustrates the principles of kite flight and aerodynamics, where even a minimal setup can produce lift and allow the string to act as wings. The provided image link further exemplifies this concept. It's a fascinating way to understand the basic principles of kite systems and their aerodynamic properties.

I couldn't stop from asking Chat GPT to form a 20-line poem of 5 stanzas concerning the Joe Stop realm:

In a world of telescoping tubes, we find,
A Joe Stop, versatile and kind.
It limits their compression, tube by tube,
With knots, or rings, or strings, it's quite the rube.

From locking collars, to pins with spring's delight,
To threaded fasteners, strong and tight,
Each method brings its pros and cons to bear,
But Joe Stop's charm, it's ease, it's flair.

Straps and sleeves, they mimic knots and rings,
Joe Stops of varied forms, their praises sing.
DIY rigging made easy, no fuss,
With common materials, in Joe Stops we trust.

Bulbous lobes, in tension, hold the key,
To limit tube's depth, or a post's decree.
For holes that can't be filled, it takes the lead,
To place a pole or post where you need.

So in this world of tubes and telescopic glee,
The Joe Stop's versatility sets us free.
In deep holes or pipes, where needs are vast,
It's the simple solution that will forever last.

Indeed, see a hang glider as a form fully cousin to a Joe Stop: have the two lobes be the hung pilot and the major wing; have the tensional connector be the hang lines. Yes, a Joe Stop is a kite system with telescopic tubes in compression as the media with resultant tension in the tether between the lobes or working ends of the tether system; the media is with differentia strata: one tube going one way, the other tube going the other way.

A hang glider takes flight, cousin to Joe Stop's grace,
Two lobes are its pilot, wing, in open space.
With tensional hang lines, it soars on high,
A kite system in action, up in the sky.

A Joe Stop, a kite, with tubes in compression's hold,
Tether tension between lobes, a story to be told.
Differential strata, tubes in diverse flight,
One going one way, the other in the opposite light.

From hang gliders to Joe Stops, in different ways they play,
In the world of tension and flight, they find their own array.
As cousins in design, they share a common thread,
In the realms of aeronautics, where dreams are widely spread.

[JoeF]

Looking at this as a possible solution:

Fresh choices for A position as larger telescopic.

Have8visuals001.jpg (27.16 KiB) Viewed 501 times

Format of crutch is fresh: side view: 2. Front view; 2.

8visuals002.jpg (30.19 KiB) Viewed 501 times

[JoeF]

Above post might be dubbed "One-Crutch 8 Visual".

This new present note might then be called "One-Crutch 5 Visual" where some fresh arrangements are being explored:
Crutch has four tubes visual in its aft portion and one tube in its fore portion. The crutch has exterior hand press control handle. Curved rib-batten fore segments are organized on the side of the crutch. In the cavity between the fore visual tube and the aft visual tubes would be found remaining segments of rib battens, two sprogs, and some other small gear. The five(5) long 60-inch visuals making up the core of the crutch will hold telescopically fitting other tubes. Denote the tube in size of largest to smallest: ABCD. Note: no base to triangle control subassembly, rather tension rope. Note: Sail packed in cylinder style and worn around torso during bus standing. Treks off bus will have all gear and parts and sail transformed to be the structure of a low wagon for towing.
The frame of the hang glider to be so tiny packed then might have these tube sets: Legend: L for left, R for right. Kp: king post. Qp: queen post.
LLE CAB
RLE CAB
Keel CAB
Lspreader B/2,A, B/2
Rspreader B/2,A, B/2
LQp C
RQp C
LSprog D (short)
RSprog D (shoirt)
Kp D
Set of batten ribs segmented as needed to meet the packing restrictions; curved segment gets neatly organized on the side of the crutch. The other segments of the batten ribs fit in the cavity between the fore and aft bigger tubes of the crutch.
======================================
The above tiny packs to One-Crutch Solution with 5 visuals:
ABCD
ABCD
ABCD
AB/2B/2C
AB/2B/2C

[JoeF]

Above post might be dubbed "One-Crutch 8 Visual".

This new present note's HG scheme might then be called "One-Crutch 5 Visual" where some fresh arrangements are being explored:
Crutch has four tubes visual in its aft portion and one tube in its fore portion. The crutch has exterior hand press control handle. Curved rib-batten fore segments are organized on the side of the crutch. In the cavity between the fore visual tube and the aft visual tubes would be found remaining segments of rib battens, two sprogs, and some other small gear. The five(5) long 60-inch visuals making up the core of the crutch will hold telescopically fitting other tubes. Denote the tube in size of largest to smallest: ABCD. Note: no base to triangle control subassembly, rather tension rope. Note: Sail packed in cylinder style and worn around torso during bus standing. Treks off bus will have all gear and parts and sail transformed to be the structure of a low wagon for towing.
The frame of the hang glider to be so tiny packed then might have these tube sets: Legend: L for left, R for right. Kp: king post. Qp: queen post. The "-iB/2" stands for a 30-inch segment of B-sized tube, or as needed.
LLE CAB
RLE CAB
Keel CAB
Lspreader B/2,A, B/2
Rspreader B/2,A, B/2
LQp C
RQp C
LSprog D (short)
RSprog D (shoirt)
Kp D
Set of batten ribs segmented as needed to meet the packing restrictions; curved segment gets neatly organized on the side of the crutch. The other segments of the batten ribs fit in the cavity between the fore and aft bigger tubes of the crutch.
======================================
The above tiny packs to One-Crutch Solution with 5 long visuals plus the rib-battens well organized:
A,B,C,D
A,B,C,D
A,B,C,D
A,B/2,B/2,C
A,B/2,B/2,C
===================

The crutch may be controlled as a crutch or hugged to chest as wanted while standing on the bus. Or the crutch may be placed in a small car in various ways. The crutch becomes the spine of a wagon; that is, there is no extra wagon; rather the HG in crutch form is the body of the wagon; add wheels to the front and back of a horizontally placed crutch. Then strap sail and other gear to the arrangement; tow the wagon to launch site or home, etc. Before getting on bus or train, put sail about torso and operate the crutch. Stow wheels in small chest pack or calf-chin pack.

Fresh order of telescopic sizes ... Five Visuals in One Crutch. Torso-held sail. Notice the order on the LEs and keel: C-A-B

Crutch5visuals001.jpg (23.34 KiB) Viewed 482 times

[dhmartens]

I have to take a break from my scale model proto type to finish my California taxes due 10/16/2023 but have also been distracted by the fact The Moyes Malibu 2 hang glider "IS" a telescopic hang glider right under our noses. Just remove one peg.
Mechanism demonstrated at 2 minutes 11 seconds.
https://youtu.be/jYQFeDb3Xa4?si=rHCIqdU6lx0HD89n&t=131

[JoeF]

Thanks, Doug. Best on tax reporting. I've same tax day, but I might not meet deadline!
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